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991.
992.
The composition of spirits distilled from fermentation of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) tubers was compared by means of gas chromatography. The microorganisms used in the fermentation processes were the bacterium Zymomonas mobilis, strains 3881 and 3883, the distillery yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, strains Bc16a and D2 and the Kluyveromyces fragilis yeast with an active inulinase. The fermentation of mashed tubers was conducted using a single culture of the distillery yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the bacterium Zymomonas mobilis (after acid or enzymatic hydrolysis) as well as Kluyveromyces fragilis (sterilized mashed tubers). The tubers were simultaneously fermented by mixed cultures of the bacterium or the distillery yeast with K. fragilis. The highest ethanol yield was achieved when Z. mobilis 3881 with a yeast demonstrating inulinase activity was applied. The yield reached 94 % of the theoretical value. It was found that the distillates resulting from the fermentation of mixed cultures were characterized by a relatively lower amount of by‐products compared to the distillates resulting from the single species process. Ester production of 0.30–2.93 g/L, responsible for the aromatic quality of the spirits, was noticed when K. fragilis was applied for ethanol fermentation both in a single culture process and also in the mixed fermentation with the bacterium. Yeast applied in this study caused the formation of higher alcohols to concentrations of 7.04 g/L much greater than those obtained with the bacterium. The concentrations of compounds other than ethanol obtained from Jerusalem artichoke mashed tubers, which were fermented by Z. mobilis, were lower than those achieved for yeasts. 相似文献
993.
培菲康对肝硬化血浆内毒影响的研究 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
目的 探讨益生菌制剂培菲康治疗肝硬化内毒素血症的作用机制。方法 采用大鼠肝硬化模型,其中治疗组予以培菲康液每天灌胃治疗,共8周,检测治疗组及对照组血浆内毒指标;并选取70例肝硬化Child-Pugh分级为B级的患者,其中治疗组口服培菲康胶囊(每次2粒,每天3次) 3周,观察治疗前后血浆内毒素变化。结果 培菲康治疗组的肝硬化大鼠及患者血浆内毒素均明显低于对照组( P<0 .0 5 )。结论 培菲康能明显降低肝硬化患者血浆内毒素水平,可作为肝硬化患者的辅助用药 相似文献
994.
Solid state fermentation of canola meal was carried out with the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus DAOM 197961, which is a producer of laccase. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of moisture content, inoculum size, homogenisation of inoculum and particle size of canola meal on the growth of the fungus, the production of a laccase and the decrease of the content of sinapic acid esters (SAE) in a solid state process. The results showed that the optimum moisture content, which was varied in the media between 50% and 75%, for the growth and enzyme production was 60%. The initial rate of SAE content decrease was faster in the media with 70% and 75% moisture than in those with lower moisture levels. In the study of the effects of inoculum concentration in the range of 1.1 mg to 5.5 mg/g of the medium, it was found that larger amounts of biomass and enzyme were produced in the media with inoculum concentrations from 1.1 mg to 3.3 mg/g of the medium than in the media with a higher inoculum concentration. The final and approximately the same concentrations of SAE were reached at the same time regardless of the inoculum concentration. Considering that the fungus formed pellets under the conditions at which it was grown during the inoculum preparation, it was necessary to break them by homogenisation prior to their utilisation as an inoculum. The homogenisation was carried out during a period between 15s and 200s. Although higher biomass concentrations and enzyme activities were obtained in the media which were inoculated with the inoculum homogenised for 15s and 30s, the maximum enzyme activities and biomass concentrations were reached in the media inoculated with the inoculum, which was homogenised for 120s and 200s. The time of inoculum homogenisation did not influence the kinetics of the SAE decrease. When the effects of the particle size of canola meal on the process were studied, it was found that larger particles of the meal in the solid media were more favourable for the production of the biomass and enzyme, and for a faster decrease of the SAE content than those of smaller sizes. From the obtained results it can be concluded that the tested variables have a significant influence on the growth of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus DAOM 197961, the production of laccase and the decrease of the SAE content in canola meal. The data could be useful for the development of a solid state process for the production of laccase and for the decrease of the phenolics content in canola meal. 相似文献
995.
利用"八五"、"九五"期间,发掘和鉴定出的一些具有单一抗病虫特性和优良农艺性状的资源,通过有性杂交和人工接种鉴定,有目的进行抗性基因转移和优良基因聚合,从而获得了具有多抗、农艺性状优良的LR625、LR622、2381等3个恢复系和L405A、L407A 2个不育系等新种质资源,并用新创资源组配了一批高产、多抗、综合农艺性状好的杂交组合. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
Clark M. Blatteis Shuxin Li Zhonghua Li Vit Perlik Carlos Feleder 《Journal of thermal biology》2004,29(7-8):369-381
(1) Cobra venom factor (CVF)-induced hypocomplementemia dose-dependently attenuates the febrile responses of guinea pigs and mice to intraperitoneally (ip) but not to intravenously (iv) injected endotoxic bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (2) Iv but not ip LPS causes fever in complement component 3 (C3) gene-ablated mice, but neither iv nor ip LPS evokes a body core temperature (Tc) rise when WT and these mice's C5a receptors type 1 are blocked. C5 knockout mice also do not develop fever following either iv or ip LPS. C5a thus appears to be a critical mediator of LPS fever. (3) C5 knockouts develop fever in response to intracerebroventricularly (icv) injected LPS or prostaglandin (PG)E2; the site of action of C5a is therefore peripheral rather than central. (4) The initiation of the febrile responses to both iv and ip LPS is temporally correlated with the appearance of LPS in the liver's Kupffer cells (Kc). (5) PGE2 is released by liver in immediate response to the injection of CVF into the portal vein of anesthetized guinea pigs; its level rises quickly to its maximum. LPS injected similarly also evokes a quick release of PGE2 from the liver; it, however, is prevented by prior hypocomplementation. (6) Neither LPS nor IL-1β induces PGE2 release from Kc in vitro within the first hour after treatment, but serum C and C plus LPS or IL-1β very quickly trigger PGE2 increases of similar magnitudes, catalyzed non-differentially by cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2. Kc would thus appear to be the principal site of action of C5a, inducing the release of PGE2. (7) PGE2 is detectable in the plasma of conscious guinea pigs in temporal correlation with the onset of the Tc rise following ip LPS; cytokines appear significantly later. (8) Taken together, these results indicate that LPS-activated C, rather than LPS or IL-1β by itself, triggers PGE2 release by Kc. This PGE2 could be the factor that stimulates vagal afferents, thereby providing the signal to the brain that mediates the febrile response. 相似文献
999.
转新城疫病毒融合蛋白基因水稻植株的获得 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以编码新城疫病毒融合蛋白(NDV—F)基因为外源基因,与玉米泛素蛋白(Ubi)启动子和农杆菌胭脂碱合成酶基因(NOS)终止子构建成嵌合基因,构建了适宜于农杆菌介导转化水稻的表达质粒pUNDV;并以潮霉素磷酸转移酶(HPT)基因作选择标记基因、β-半乳糖苷酸酶(GUS)基因作报告基因,借助于农杆菌介导转化水稻,获得了多株转基因植株。PCR分析和GUS活性检测结果证实含有NDV—F基冈的T—DNA已整合到水稻基因组中,为研制廉价的转基因水稻新城疫基因工程疫苗奠定了基础。 相似文献
1000.
目的:研究乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus sp.)O-2菌株生长和积累类细菌素所需的营养和温度条件.方法:采用分段控温发酵法,即在发酵后期,改变温度继续发酵;以发酵液抑菌圈直径为指标对发酵的营养和温度条件进行筛选.结果:后期32 ℃控温发酵有利于类细菌素积累,优化后的4号配方,发酵液菌数高达8.2×1010个/ml(细菌计数器法),抑菌圈直径最大,达到8.8 mm.结论:利用4号配方进行分段控温发酵能有效地促进O-2菌株的生长繁殖和积累类细菌素. 相似文献